Archimedes’ invention, which is still present in our lives today as the Archimedean screw, continues to evolve and is used in many industries and areas. These pumps rely on the physical principles of lifting and compressing mechanical forces to raise water, transport liquids, and transfer from low pressure to high pressure. Pumps, which play a crucial role in the industrial world, must be installed correctly to ensure efficient operation. Pump installation plays a critical role in maintenance and efficiency. So, what are the key factors to consider during pump installation? Here are the fundamental aspects to keep in mind during the installation process:
Key Considerations for Pump Installation
Before starting the pump installation, there are several important points that need to be taken into account. These points can be summarized under the following headings:
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Pre-installation Preparation
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Determining the Location for Pump Installation
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Pump Base (Foundation)
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Suction Pipe Connections
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Discharge Line Connections
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Centrifugal Pump Electrical Connection
What Should Be Considered Before Installation?
Although the exterior of the pump is made of durable and hard materials, these materials can still be susceptible to damage. During the pre-installation stage, great care must be taken in the transportation and storage processes of the pump. Incorrect handling or storage can lead to damage to the pump. Therefore, it is important to ensure that the transportation methods are correctly applied before starting the installation.
It is recommended that the equipment to be used be coated with protective substances against corrosion. Also, if the pump installation is delayed, proper rust prevention materials should be applied to prevent the internal components from rusting (don’t forget to review the product’s user manual). The installation should be carried out in compliance with occupational safety regulations. Safety measures should not be neglected during the installation of the pump.
How Should the Pump Installation Area Be?
The area where the pump will be installed should provide enough space for operation, maintenance, and inspection. Especially for heavy pumps and large motors, lifting equipment such as a crane should be provided before installation. The pump should be installed in a location where there is no risk of freezing or explosion, where the ventilation system works properly, and the humidity level is low.
In addition, proper drainage systems should be in place to prevent water flooding and pipeline leaks. The use of drainage pumps or channels should be ensured for the proper evacuation of water.
Pump Base (Foundation)
The pump foundation is one of the most crucial stages of installation. The pump foundation must be prepared properly and made suitable for installation. Incorrect installation can shorten the pump’s lifespan and cause difficulties during maintenance. Adequate space should be left around the pump for maintenance and repairs. Additionally, the foundation must be heavy and durable enough to absorb vibrations. The foundation’s strength is essential to prevent misalignment of the frame and coupling.
Before the pump installation, it is important to ensure that the concrete foundation has fully solidified and gained strength. Concrete foundations are the most commonly preferred foundations for pumps and should be constructed on solid ground. Attention should be paid to the installation manual during the pump base setup.
How Should the Suction Pipe Be?
The suction pipe must be short and straight for efficient operation. If the suction pipe is long, the pipe diameter may be increased to reduce friction losses. If the pump will draw water from a lower position, the suction pipe must be continuously inclined upward. This will ensure the air in the pipe is discharged.
The suction pipe must be leak-proof and should be carefully inspected. If the pump draws water from a source at a much higher level, an axial isolation valve should be added to the suction pipe in a horizontal position. This valve should always remain fully open while the pump is operating. Additionally, there should be a distance between the suction pipe and the tank feed pipe. The tank feed pipe should be located farther from the suction pipe and below the water level.
What Should Be Considered in the Discharge Line?
The discharge line plays an important role in properly adjusting the flow rate and discharge height. A control valve may need to be added to the discharge pipe. It is important that this valve is located close to the pump. In the discharge line, a check valve can be placed between the pump and the control valve to prevent backflow.
If the pump discharge line is long and high, it must be protected against water hammer. To prevent backflow, a check valve should be attached to the discharge pipe. Also, when increasing the pipe diameter, a conical reduction should be used. The discharge line should be supported by the floor or ceiling in such a way that it does not stress the pump.
Centrifugal Pump Electrical Connection
Electrical connections during pump installation are extremely important. Only authorized electricians should carry out the electrical connections. Moreover, safety instructions must be strictly followed. Before starting the pump installation, it must be ensured that all power connections are disconnected. When laying electrical cables, care should be taken to ensure the cables do not come into contact with the pump or motor housing.
Before making the electrical connections to the motor, the pump shaft should be manually rotated to check whether the rotor turns smoothly. Also, grounding connections of the motor should be inspected. Electrical connections may vary depending on the motor’s power, power source, and connection type, so the necessary procedures should be followed.
Pump installation is a process that requires attention to detail at every stage. Therefore, all aspects to consider during pump installation are outlined in the user manual. To ensure the efficient operation and long lifespan of your pump, you should follow the steps outlined in the manual carefully.
